Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa | BLT-Dana-Desa

  Pandemi Covid-19 membawa dampak yang luar biasa terhadap kehidupan masyarakat bawah, terutama kehidupan ekonomi dan sosial, sehingga mengharuskan adanya kebijakan yang tegas dari pemerintah. Hal ini mengingat sebagaimana pemerintah bertanggung jawab atas segala kehidupan warga negaranya.

Dari surat pemberitahuan yang dibuat oleh Kementrian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal, dan Transmigrasi (Kemendes PDTT) menunjukkan bahwa telah dilakukan perubahan Peraturan Menteri Desa PDTT nomor 11 tahun 2019 tentang Prioritas Penggunaan Dana Desa Tahun 2020 menjadi Peraturan Menteri Desa PDTT nomor 6 Tahun 202. 

  Di dalam surat tersebut terdapat beberapa poin, Dan berbicara masalah hasil surat keputusan yang telah di tetapkan oleh pemerintah, saya ingin menanggapi pada poin bagian 3, yang di mana poin tersebut menyebutkan tentang "Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa (BLT- Dana Desa)". Pada poin tersebut menjelaskan mengenai bantuan untuk masyarakat desa yang tergolong ke dalam masyarakat miskin. Menurut saya, hal ini merupakan salah satu langkah tepat mengingat bagaimana dampak pandemi Covid-19 ini yang telah berhasil melumpuhkan sendi-sendi perekonomian masyarakat. 

 Bantuan ini diharapkan dapat meringankan beban masyarakat desa, terutama dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-harinya, seperti untuk sembako, biaya listrik, obat-obatan dan lain sebagainya. Melalui tunai pun dimaksudkan agar proses pembagian dana ini lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan non-tunai yang mengharuskan masyarakat pergi ke bank. 

Stay At Home | Why Not ?

Since some time ago, we have heard about Covid-19 or what is commonly called coronavirus. Even preventive measures have been discussed in many places. So it doesn't need to be discussed here if it's about Covid-19. What we want to discuss now is a matter of mental health in the Covid-19 period. 

As we know, there are several actions that have been taken to prevent the spread of this virus. Starting from lockdown, social distancing, to stay at home or self quarantine. This is not only done by people who start showing symptoms, but also healthy people. As much as possible, those who are healthy do not leave the house to avoid being exposed to this virus.

For some people, this condition may cause discomfort, especially boredom, fear, and not free. Especially when at home, we also still get exposure to news and discussion about Covid-19 that never stops. Indeed physical health is the main focus at this time, but our mental health also needs attention.

Now, what do we need to pay attention to in maintaining our mental health when we "must" stay at home?

1. Please, don't panic. But that does not mean we underestimate and not careful huh. Keep doing preventive measures such as washing hands and wearing masks if there are symptoms of pain.

2. Keep clean.

3. Take care of your own health. Eat nutritiously, do exercise at home, and get enough sleep.

4. Look for knowledge about Covid-19 from trusted sources.

5. Limit the receipt of information about Covid-19 because excessive news exposure has the potential to increase anxiety.

6. Stay productive and do activities / hobbies that you like. For example meditation, gardening, cooking, reading books, listening to music, and others.

Where it happens is an addition where we are prohibited from going home, because for the sake of being together to prevent transmission of covid 19 in each hometown respectively

REMOVAL OF CAPITAL CITY : JAKARTA TO KUTAI KARTANEGARA

Government plans to move the capital city from Jakarta, outside of Java. However, some observers consider this to be unnecessary.
Severe traffic congestion, flooding and increasing urbanization are considered to have made Jakarta no longer worthy of being a capital city. Some cities in Kalimantan are said to be alternatives to new capitals.

However, urban planning experts from Trisakti Nirwono Yoga University told VOA that Jakarta is still worthy of being a capital city because of the massive investments that have been made, even for the next few years. According to him, the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta must focus on solving problems that have been wrapped around the capital city.


"Because for now even for the next 10 years until 2030, it can be said there is no urgency to move the capital city from Jakarta," Yoga said.

According to Yoga, enormous investment for Jakarta infrastructure, such as the construction of Integrated Transportation Modes (MRT) and Integrated Railroad (LRT) can only be enjoyed by 2030. In addition, there is hope that flooding and traffic jams must be resolved by 2030.

"It means, if it is used as a benchmark, Jakarta is still worthy of being the capital. If not, why do we invest heavily and then we do not believe that Jakarta will be free from flooding and traffic jams, "Nirwono told VOA.



Nirwono added that instead of spending Rp466 trillion to build a new capital city, it would be better if the money was distributed to other cities to be developed into new centers of economic growth and residents do not need to come to big cities like Jakarta to look for jobs and better livelihoods.

"When we talk about Java first, besides Jabodetabek, Bandung, Semarang and Surabaya, the city is already ready. The funds do not need to be large, we just have to push them in the direction of where they want to focus on, direct development, "said Nirwono.


While the excess funds can be used for cities in Sumatra, for example for Medan, Padang, Palembang, or for Pontianak West Kalimantan and Sulawesi.

"So focus. Because if it is distributed according to needs, we hope that in the next 10 years the city that we push for its economy will become the center of new economic growth so that residents of each of these islands do not need to come to Java. That's more promising, "he explained.

Capital Transfer Plans

President Joko Widodo revealed plans to relocate the capital when he visited Cikupa, Tangerang, last Tuesday (30/4). The discussion, according to Jokowi, has been carried out intensively in the past three years.

Equitable development and economy are one of the main reasons for moving the capital, Jokowi told reporters. "So yesterday I decided to move out of Java," he said. According to him, the government currently has three candidate locations where the new capital city will be, but it has not been decided yet because it is still conducting in-depth studies.


"We have to check in detail about the carrying capacity of the environment, what the water is like, what kind of disaster, then later development for the capital city in the future whether it is still possible or not. All these calculations must be finalized first, then passed back to me then I decide," said the president.

Met after following a Limited Meeting in the president's office on Friday (3/5), the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning (ATR) Sofyan Djalil said the government had prepared a land area of ​​300 thousand hectares for this new capital city candidate. But he refused to elaborate further.

"What is clear is that the President said outside Java. We are already there. Now why aren't you given the location because there are so many land speculators later. (The area?) Large, maybe around 300 thousand hectares. So that the city of the future will have a wide park, "Sofyan said.


He added, the land that was prepared for the prospective new capital city was state-owned land, so that later there would be no land dispute.

What Are the Important Criteria of a New Capital City?

Nirwono Yoga urban planning experts said several criteria that had been considered to be a new capital, including the level of disaster vulnerability and infrastructure readiness.

If Kalimantan is chosen, according to Nirwono there are several problems that must be resolved first, including illegal logging, forest fires and floods.

"It means that actually the environment in Kalimantan is experiencing a quality of environmental degradation. Now, if the capital city moves to Kalimantan, there is no commitment that the three environmental problems can be stopped, how about that?" Nirwono said.

GENDER EQUALITY

The term gender comes from English which literally means "gender". But the sex in question is the social, cultural, political, and religious sex based on the fiction of women and men. Some interpreted that, "gender is a study of women's behavior and social relations between men and women.

Gender is different from sex or gender of men and women (Syafiq Hasyim, Free of Islamic Patriarchism, pp. 35-36). Gender is also different from women. Many equate understanding and understanding of gender with women. The statement is completely untrue and misleading. First, it is completely untrue because the definition of gender is indeed not women. Secondly, it is misleading because to embed the definition of gender with women means that we reduce the universality of the term gender itself (Syafiq Hasyim, Free from Islamic Patriarchism, p. 40). But in reality can we talk about gender but not discuss sex at all?

The understanding of feminism according to Jonne Hollows in general feminism is considered as a form of politics that aims to intervene and change the unequal power relations between men and women. Caroline Ramazanoglu defined feminism as' various kinds of social theories that describe the relationship between sexes in society and the difference between experiences experienced by men and women, which are also political practices (Joanne Hollows, Feminism, femininity, and popular culture, p. 4). But men and women when walking in accordance with their respective axes that have been determined by human creators, then the balance of life will occur.

The emergence of second-class feminism in cases in America and Britain. The feminists of the two countries are struggling to demand equal wages, equal access to education, and equal employment opportunities, they are fighting for gartic contraception and the right to have an abortion, about unpaid domestic work, free child equipment, also economic and legal independence; they demand the right of women to determine their own sexuality, free sex; and they protest sexual violence in the 1960s and 1970s households (Joanne Hollows, Feminism, femininity, and popular culture, p. 5). The issue of equality of rights has always been raised by feminists from the past until now.

Feminist theory tries to analyze the various conditions that shape women's lives and investigate various cultural understandings about what it means to be a woman. Initially feminist theory was directed by the political objectives of the women's movement, namely the need to understand the subordination of women and the exclusion or marginalization of women in various cultural and social areas. Feminists reject the view that disharmony between men and women is natural and inevitable.

            As a source of Islam, Al-Qur'an and hadith also touch on the issue of women, both women as individuals, as wives, as members of society or other identities. The Qur'an also perceives women as individuals who have equal rights with men. When women do something, their reward is the same as what men do. Women are also guaranteed by the Qur'an as men can achieve perfection in devotion (Stevi Jakson and Jackie Jones, Introduction to Contemporary Feminist Theories, p. 1). Thus there is a form of the Qur'anic conceptuality of women.

Case of Amina Wadud

The presence of amin awadud as an activist and Muslim thinker Isalan (Muslim feminist) began to shake the Islamic world when he began delivering Friday sermons at a large mosque in South Africa. The same thing was done in a church in America a few years ago, where Amin appeared to be the Imam of the prayer which was not only male but also female (Syafiq Hasyim, Free from Islamic Patriarchism, p. 351).

Spirit of Freedom

He was born in Pakistan, he became the first woman, 1976, in that country to work outside the country (foreign service). During the Age of Zia ul Haq, Asma was dismissed from her job because of her strong criticism of the power of the military regime in Pakistan led by a General. After his work he joined as an assistant editor at the Muslim, a newspaper that was in opposition to government policy, because of the unfavorable situation he moved to America. Educational history, University in Pakistan B.A in English literature and philosophy, then MA in journalism, and PhD in International studies at Danver University in Kalorado, United States. She wrote the book Believing Women Islam Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Qur'an (2002).

The Haideh Moghissi case

She is one of the Iranian women who must leave her basic rights to live and live in her own country, because her basic rights are considered contrary to the mission of Islamic Sharia. According to this system, the function of a woman (wife) must live under shari'ah regulations which require (wife) to stay indoors, "must wear the hijab", "obey her husband", and so on. Those who do not want to live like this rule, will get legal sanctions, otherwise they must leave their country, even though the right to live in their own country is a part of basic human rights. What she experienced was a portrait where women's rights have always been the first target of a system that adopted the Shari'ah (fundamentalist) model.



In conclusion, feminists are of the view that gender is not the same as sex. They reject that subordination is natural. And they also define gender as a building that is constructed by social, political and cultural, but also they recognize that gender cannot be separated from sex.

The long history that brought feminists to the point that they were free to release the shackles of separation and subordination of women to men, they demanded equal rights in various ways until finally the freedom of sex was considered as a way to achieve women's independence.

SINGLE-USE PLASTIC : WHAT IS IT?

WHAT IS SINGLE-USE PLASTIC?

In the name of convenience, and of course low production cost, half of the total plastic manufactured is of such low quality that they tend to be used just once, before being discarded. All such plastic, fall under the ‘single-use plastic’ category. As the single-use plastic is meant to assist with everyday activities, these inorganic, man-made material have become an intricate part of most people’s lifestyle. We wear it, work with it, eat and drink from it. In fact, it is harder to list scenarios free of single-use plastic!

Just the top of the list includes common day-to-day items like single-use plastic shopping bags, water bottles, plastic food packaging, disposable coffee cups, straws, toothbrush… The list just goes on. Most of these single-use items, not only do they end up littering the environment but in a lot of cases, end up littering our own homes too. Over time, without our realising it perhaps, single-use plastic has become a severe addiction, of the human race, to convenience.

Agreeably, recycling is a much more effective solution to all the plastic trash generated, than merely letting them squat for centuries on a landfill. However, the reality of the recycling industry is another tale altogether. Apart from the fact that recycling tends to incur a considerable cost, much more than the value derived from the recycled products, there are many other complications, that disqualifies recycling as a long-term solution. Here’s an article to give you more insight into the truth of the recycling industry: Plastic Recycling Facts

Amount of common single-use items produced globally every year:

TAKEAWAY PACKAGING – 2.5 billionCOFFEE CUPS – 16 billionDRINKING STRAWS – 36.4 billionBEVERAGE BOTTLES – 46 billionCIGARETTE BUTTS – 580 billion

Why use these plastics? What are the challenges and what are the benefits?

Several big-name companies have moved to phase-out single-use plastic items from their operations since the start of 2017, with some – including Morrisons and Iceland – citing consumer demand as their main driver for doing so.

However, sustainability experts including Committee on Climate Change chair Lord Daven have warned that we are now entering an era where shoppers will demand plastic-free items without considering why the material has been used, with common benefits of its use including protection from damage in transit and prevention of food waste through product life extension.

For example, a wrapped cucumber will last an  longer average of three than an unwrapped one, retaining 2% more of its weight in the process due to reduced evaporation. Elsewhere, health companies continue to cite difficulty removing single-use plastic packaging used to keep surgical equipment sterile and medicine in good condition, while several disabled consumers have claimed single-use plastic straws and wet wipes in their day-to-day lives.

Plastic has also historically been a safer and cheaper alternative to paper, glass or cardboard for many companies, with online sportswear retailer Surfdome having seen its packaging costs increased by 11% since pledging to go plastic-free.

Traditional plastics are made using fossil fuels and are therefore a finite resource. With the world now producing more than twice as as much plastic as it did in 1998, resource scarcity fears are beginning to loom for the plastics industry. Not enough, however, to prevent the sector from increasing in value every year since 2010, setting it on a trajectory to reach $654bn in 2004

The challenges associated with continued plastic use are therefore more likely to be social and environmental than financial. With around 12 millions tonnes of plastics entering waterways and oceans around the world each year, conservationists are increasingly tending to animals dying of starvation because their stomachs are too full of plastic to find food. Scientists are currently trying to determine how plastic in water and seafood could be affecting public health, with microplastics having been found in human stools for the first time in 2018 trends are leading corporates to take action – oftentimes at a cost to their business – in order to retain or regain consumer trust.

What is the policy landscape like for plastics?

In the UK, several policies aimed at reducing public reliance on single-use plastics by encouraging behaviour change have been implemented in recent years. The implementation of a 5p charge for plastic bags in 2015 has led to an 86% reduction in the number of carrier bags distributed in England, with the average resident purchasing 121 fewer bags in 2018 than 2015.

Following the success of this charge, the Government is now consulting on whether the charge should be raised to 10p and extended to include SMEs, which are currently exempt if they have fewer than 250 employees. Similarly, a Government-led ban on the use of microbeads in rinse-off care products came into force in 2018.

Elsewhere, ministers recently consulted on the introduction oc a deposit return scheme  to improve the recycling of plastic drinks bottles and containers – a move which has received backing from the likes of Tesco, the Co-op and Coca-Cola European Partners (CCEP). In Germany, such a scheme was implemented in 2003, and drinks bottle recycling rates now stand at 99%.

A further consultation, which closed in December 2018, aims to help ministers explore how best to design policies that will lead to a UK-wide ban on the sale and distribution of plastic straws, drink stirrers and cotton buds by 2020. Prime Minister Theresa May said the moves would help the UK become a leader in resource management, building on the aims of her Government’s 25-year Environment Plan. As part of that plan, the Government plans to eliminate avoidable plastic waste by 2042.

More widely, Defra is expected to include increased rates of tax on businesses using virgin plastics and tax breaks for manufacturers using recycled content in its new Resources and Waste Strategy (RWS), which is due for publication before the end of 2018. Environment Secretary Michael Gove has also confirmed that the RWS will include specific measures to tackle single-use plastics.